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Bayer red mud (RM) is a hazardous waste formed in alumina production (Khairul et al., 2019; Suman and Tripathy, 2024), with 1–1.8 t of RM emitted for 1 t of alumina produced.The global RM storage capacity is as high as 2.7 billion tons and is usually stored by damming or discharging into the sea (Mukiza et al., 2019; Zhou et al., 2023).Because of its high yield and …
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The Institute of Shandong Aluminum Company and the Institute of Chinese Great Wall Aluminum Company separately achieved the production process of non-steam-cured and non-fired brick using red mud and fly ash as raw materials. 9.2.5 Glass Yang et al. [78] conducted an experiment for red mud-fly ash glass, in which the maximum content of red mud ...
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Download Citation | On Apr 1, 2023, Liangyong Chen and others published Performance of red mud oxygen carriers in chemical-looping hydrogen production using different components of plastic waste ...
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Red mud (RM) is a solid waste generated in the alkali production process of aluminum oxide from bauxite ore. It is mainly divided into three categories depending on the …
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Red Mud as a Potential Catalyst for Petrochemicals Production From Oxygenated Aromatic Plastic Wastes via Fast Pyrolysis. Subhan Kumar Pal, Subhan Kumar Pal. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036 India ... Importantly, red mud (RM), a mixed oxide rich in Fe, Al, Si, Na, and Ca, was used as a ...
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Furthermore, sintering red mud has significantly higher liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index than that of Bayer red mud. Table 2. Basic physical parameters of three kinds of red mud. ... VEDANTA, UTKAL, RAYKAL, ADITYA, and JSW. The total production of red mud from these plants is 13.73 million tonnes. It is estimated that RM from ...
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The microstructural analyses and thermodynamic modeling revealed the precipitation of C-(N-)A-S-H as the major binding material. The reactive Fe and Al from red mud most probably contributed to the formation of hydrogarnet phases. Slag has more synergistic effect with glass powder than with red mud for the synthesis of AAMs. •
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Fuel 68:622–625 13. Klopties B, Hodek W, Bandermann F (1990) Catalytic hydroliquefaction of biomass with red mud and CoO–MoO3 catalysts. Fuel 69:448–455 14. Llano JJ, Rosal R, Sastre H, Diez FV (1994) Catalytic hydrogenation of anthracene oil with red mud. Fuel 73:688–694 15.
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Red mud, a residue of the alumina production industry which is actually a solid waste, has been studied as a potential sorbent for the removal of toxic bivalent cations (i.e. Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb ...
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Red mud, in four different concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 30 wt %) and three different powder size (180, 63 and 38 micron) were added to PP to produce composites.
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Composite materials are well known for their enhanced properties and use in a wide range of applications (Al-Oqla and Sapuan, 2014).Fu et al. (2008) argued that particle reinforcement in polymer composites could improve the physical properties and performance of polymer composites. In this way, the reinforcement of red mud in polymer composites will …
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Polypropylene (PP) based composites containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 50 wt% red mud are granulated by twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. Their mechanical properties such as tensile...
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It can be seen from Table 1 that the main chemical compositions of red mud are Fe 2 O 3, Al 2 O 3, SiO 2, CaO, Na 2 O, TiO, K 2 O and MgO. Different kinds of red mud from the sintering process and combined process have similar composition characteristics. The contents of CaO and SiO 2 in red mud from the sintering process and combined process are much higher …
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Thermal pretreatment has proven to be an effective method to improve the reactivity of red mud to be valorized as an aluminosilicate precursor for geopolymer production.
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Red Mud Generated from Alumina Plants (May 2023) Central Pollution Control Board (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change) ... These guidelines cover the national and international scenario on Alumina production, Red Mud characteristics and its generation including practices followed for handling,
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The proprietary process can use red mud slurries directly from the Bayer process. First, the slurries enter a hydro-metallurgical leaching process to selectively extract iron, …
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A review on the modified red mud for biomass catalytic pyrolysis: Preparation, mechanisms and perspectives ... the suggestion of using modified RM to enhance the co-pyrolysis of waste plastic and biomass with CO 2-assisted is proposed, ... RM increases biogas production and reduces its viscosity by promoting bio-oil aromatization [97] Switchgrass:
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Recent study is focusing on the plasticity properties of clay and red mud (RM) mixtures. Two different clays were examined with (carbonate clay, CC) and without earth alkali carbonate (carbonate ...
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Red mud is made up of a less crystalline phase and an amorphous silica-alumina phase with other substances which are dispersed and disordered (Chen et al., 2022). Red mud shows a good surface area and CEC, but it has been demonstrated that the stability of the CEC of red mud is affected by external factors (Nie et al., 2020; Shi et al., 2020 ...
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Red mud is the main waste residue derived from alumina production via the Bayer process, and its global production already reached 200 million tons in 2021 [1].Red mud is a notorious hazardous solid waste featuring high salinity and alkalinity [2], [3], [4].However, the high content of valuable metals in red mud makes it an important secondary resource for recycling …
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This study proposed plastic waste-fueled Chemical-looping Hydrogen Production (CLHP) based on the concept of three-reactor chemical-looping process for the purposes of sustainable treatment of plastic wastes while producing high purity H 2 and separating CO 2.Oxygen carrier prepared from red mud wastes (Bauxite residues) was suggested to be …
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Biomass pyrolysis offers a promising route for high-value bio-oil production, yet the process is limited by low deoxygenation efficiency. In this study, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) served as a hydrogen donor, and acid-washed red mud (ACRM) acted as a catalyst to enhance the pyrolysis of corn stover (CS) for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons …
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Open-air storage yard of red mud. Following alumina production processes, red mud can be categorized into red mud from the Bayer process, red mud from the sintering process, and red mud from the combined process [10,11].There are some differences in the physical properties and chemical compositions of red mud produced from different bauxite sources and alumina …
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The production rates of red mud were generally expressed in the tons of dry slag per ton of alumina produced and ranged from 0.7 to 2.0 [50], [51]. Global annual red mud emissions exceeded 150 million tons in 2021, and cumulative total production is …
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Red mud is proven to be an effective oxygen carrier and catalyst for the CLG process. Stable reactivity is observed within 20 cycles. It also shows a good fuel selectivity. Gasification rate of char can be enhanced approximately by 1.5-3 times in the bed of red mud Fabrication of red mud oxygen carriers via rotary kiln proves
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Different treatment methods for red mud fillers and different composite preparation processes are used to improve the properties of composites, which are discussed in detail. The …
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Aluminum production starts with mining bauxite, a rock rich in aluminum oxide that also contains a wealth of other elements, including silicon, iron, and titanium. Workers extract the aluminum with a combination of treatments, including caustic chemicals, heat, and electricity. ... Red mud could form the basis for other construction materials ...
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19. CONCLUSION Red mud has wide range of application from building material to metal recovery. Developments in dry disposal methods will lead to better management of residue but neutralization of red mud will be an essential ingredient of any permanent solution. Continuous research is required by studying residue neutralization technologies to reduce alkalinity of red …
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Red mud is a by-product of alumina production, and its disposal can have severe environmental consequences. This study experimentally investigates the feasibility of using red mud from the …
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D. Luo and J. Liu, New process of utilizing red mud from aluminum treating plant to produce high quality direct-reduction iron, China Mining 11 (2002), pp. 50–53 (in Chinese) Recovery of titanium dioxide, vanadium, rare earths. Bibliography. F. Vilem, "Production of Vanadium Slag from Bauxite Red Mud," Technical Digest, pp. 443-44, (1967)
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Red mud is a solid waste residue of the digestion of bauxite ores with caustic soda for alumina production. Its disposal remains a worldwide issue in terms of environmental concerns.
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Red mud is a strongly alkaline leaching solid hazardous waste material generated in the Bayer process of alumina production. India ranks 4 th place in alumina production.
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The catalyst preparation flow chart for biodiesel production with red mud-based catalysts is shown in Fig. 6 (a) (Liu, Wei, et al., 2023). A further area of interest is the use of red mud-based nanocatalysts for the recycling and treatment of municipal solid waste.
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Mineral fillers (from red mud or separated red mud) Application in: plastics, rubber, wood plastic products (substitute of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC), and white carbon black). Developing direction: superfine filler, low iron filler Expected profit: 100-200 RMB/t red mud Fresh red mud (hydrophilic） Modified red mud (oleophylic)
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1. Introduction. Red mud is a byproduct of the alumina industry. The mineral composition of red mud consists of iron oxides (haematite) and hydroxides (goethite), aluminium hydroxides (boehmite), titanium oxides, calcium oxides and heavy metal compounds [1].The different compositions mainly depend on the source of raw materials and the technique used in …
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6 Scale of the problem –or should we say opportunity? • Annual alumina production in 2014 108 million t/y - 95% via Bayer process • Range of Bauxite residue produced per tonne of alumina –0.5 to 4 t/t alumina • Annual arising –130 to 140 million tonnes • Number of active alumina refineries –over 60 • Number of closed residue disposal sites –over 50
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