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Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry and can be used potentially as aggregate in asphalt mixture. This study evaluates the use of Steel Slag Aggregates (SSA) as substitute for natural aggregates in the production of hot mix asphalt (HMA) for road construction.
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Construction materials are dealing with new challenges due to increased resource exploitation by globalized infrastructure. Research has consequently documented various waste management techniques that are focused on environmentally sustainable principles. The coarse steel slag aggregate (CSSA) can be reused as aggregate in cement concrete mixes. Hence, …
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Slag of iron and steel used as aggregates for asphalt roads can be recovered as by-products. The steel slag is a residue of the production process of steel. ... Escadeillas G. Utilization of weathered basic oxygen furnace slag in the production of hydraulic road binders. Constr. Build. Mater. 2009;23:742–747. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008. ...
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Steel slag particles can potentially be used as aggregates in concrete production. However, the volume stability of steel slag is poor, and the direct use of untreated steel slag aggregate (SSA) may cause cracking and spalling of concrete.
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Depending on the final production process of the molten state iron, the slag can be classified into different types. Even if an increase in slag aggregates content generates a decrease in the mechanical properties of the final concrete, the loss of strength is very low with a complete replacement and nearly zero with a 50% of slag aggregates .
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The slag is used as an aggregate in construction; however, its high crushing and attrition values, as well as water absorption exceeding standards, need attention, especially for load-bearing applications like runways and roads [].Slag, a by-product of metallurgical processes, is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional building materials [].
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slag aggregate from hydration provides the method to determine the volumetric expansion as an indicator to evaluate the use of steel slag as an unbound granular material.
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Blast Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag represents one of the largest waste fractions from steelmaking. Therefore, slag valorisation technologies are of high importance regarding the use of slag as a secondary resource, both in the …
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The steel slag produced during the primary stage of steel production is referred to as furnace slag or tap slag. This is the major source of steel slag aggregate. ... Steel Slag Aggregates Use in Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete. Final Report, prepared by John Emery Geotechnical Engineering Limited for the Steelmaking Slag Technical Committee, April, 1993.
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The LS was collected from the lithium salt plant in Xinyu, Jiangxi Province (China). These raw materials were dried in an electric oven at the temperature of 105 °C. Afterwards, they were crushed and ground to fine powder. The obtained fine powder was sieved through a 75 μm nylon mesh sieve before being used for LWA production.
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Ladle furnace slag and electric arc furnace slag are not harmful to the environment when used as aggregates [4]. Steel slag is a major by-product of the steelmaking process, and its production rate is about 8% to 15% of the crude steel output [7]. The production of 1 ton of steel produces approximately 100 kg of steel slag [8].
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Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel slags and the continuous use of residue yards …
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The utilization of steel slag for industrial and construction purposes has gained significant attention in recent years due to its abundant availability and potential environmental benefits. This study explores the feasibility of utilizing steel slag as a coarse aggregate in concrete, aiming to determine the optimal replacement percentages for desired mechanical …
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Steel slag particles can potentially be used as aggregates in concrete production. However, the volume stability of steel slag is poor, and the direct use of untreated steel slag aggregate (SSA ...
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Lithium slag (LS) is a kind of industrial waste, which is discharged in the production process of lithium carbonate and other lithium salts (Tan et al., 2021).As reported (Guo et al., 2020; He et al., 2017), 8–10 tons LS was discharged when 1 tons lithium carbonate was produced through sulfuric acid method.According to the statistical analysis, more than 80 …
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Steel slag used as an alternative recycled raw material activated by CO 2 is being recently studied and considered as a solution for storing CO 2, reducing GHG emissions, as well as recycling and valorising steel industry waste.A challenge on the steel slag-based carbon dioxide cured/activated materials is related with the variety of its chemical composition which …
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The pretreated steel slag can be used as aggregate in the production of concrete or asphalt (which is the predominant recycling route) or used directly for road construction (approximately 49.7% in the United States) (Guo et al., 2018).
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Annually more than 400 Mt of metallurgical slags are produced worldwide [1,2,3,4,5].From the annual Cu concentrate smelter production capacity, which is equal to around 21 Mt of copper metal in 2021, it can be estimated that more than 45 Mt of CUS were produced from primary sources assuming a slag to copper ratio of 2.2 [3, 4].Only 15% of the CUS …
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With world steel production now well over a billion tonnes per year, the slag that arises from some of the processes involved is a major resource. Traditionally it has been used mainly as an aggregate but for some types there are other applications, such as a raw material for cement or as a fertiliser.
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Steel slag particles can potentially be used as aggregates in concrete production. However, the volume stability of steel slag is poor, and the direct use of untreated steel slag aggregate...
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Industrial by-product utilization in concrete has been an important choice of researchers over the years (Khan et al., 2016; Qasrawi, 2014).Steel slag has been utilized as aggregate/cementing material in concrete by various researchers over the years (Faraone et al., 2009).Recycling of metallurgical by-products will ensure the sustainable industrial production and greener …
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High titanium heavy slag (HTHS) is a typical solid waste produced in the iron production process of vanadium titanomagnetite. The feasibility of using the HTHS as coarse aggregates in the two gradations of AC-13 and AC-20 asphalt mixtures mixed with base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt binders was discussed in this paper. Firstly, the physical and …
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Ferronickel slag (FNS) is a by-product of nickel production that is used as an alternative fine aggregate. This study evaluates the workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity and chemical leaching characteristics of concrete containing FNS from garnierite ore and fly ash.
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Mineral waste represents the largest group of industrial waste, which constitutes a serious environmental and economic problem. This paper presents the phase and chemical susceptibility to leaching of coal mining wastes, steel and iron production slags, and non-ferrous metallurgical slags. These wastes, because of their properties, are used for the production of …
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Gesoğlu et al. [21] used 10 % cement and 90 % ground granulated blast furnace slag to fabricate aggregates and obtained the strength of up to 10 MPa (zone 1-Fig. 7 a). Suresh and Karthikeyan [ 22 ] produced aggregates with 100 % class-C fly ash by granulation and chemical curing (zone 2- Fig. 7 a).
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The Production of Sustainable Concrete with the Use of Alternative Aggregates: A Review. September 2020; ... the high iron content present in the electric arc furnace slag used as coarse aggregates.
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Using solid waste to absorb CO 2 in the production of aggregates is an efficient approach, which can reduce CO 2 emissions and improve the recycling of solid waste. However, a challenge lies in addressing the cracking issues of aggregates prepared by the calcium oxide (CaO) system, particularly those containing flue gas desulfurizati ash (FGDA), during the direct …
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If sufficient stock-piled steel slag is rehabilitated in the manner prescribed herein, and used as an aggregate replacement in concrete blocks, a total of 12.6 million tons of CO 2 can be utilized and sequestered in these two countries through block production alone. Production of 4.3 billion masonry blocks per year consumes about 10 million ...
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When molten silicon manganese slag contacts with water, it is cooled down rapidly with much water vapor and to be a rock masses like as volcano rock. This porous rock may be used as a lightweight aggregate. In this study, we have tried to evaluate engineering properties of this material to use for construction fields. In the view point of engineering properties, such as …
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It has been more than 30 years since the use of blast furnace slag as concrete aggregate was included in JIS; however, it is not very popular today, and the annual sale of slag for aggregate use of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation stays at the level of one million tons. With the latest trend toward a recycling oriented society, however, effective use of slag is attracting …
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Moreover, slag occurs in two main forms: crystalline and granulated slag. It is used in concrete production as coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and mineral admixtures, depending on its formations. The crystalline form commonly used is the coarse BFS and electric arc furnace (EAF) slag while the granulated form is BFS fines and ground ...
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Compared with its application in cementitious materials, the use of carbonated steel slag as aggregates for the production of concrete represents a more suitable option because the carbonated particles of steel slag are prone to agglomeration to form a coarser particle size (Bertos et al., 2004; Mo et al., 2017; W. Shen et al. 2020; Mo 2020 ...
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Researchers have explored technologies to convert concrete blocks into aggregates for concrete production. Concrete, a widely utilized construction material (3.3 billion …
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Steel slag used as coarse aggregate in mixes was more suitable compared to its use as fine aggregate. Steel slag used as ballast is placed on the substructure of the sleeper …
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Fig. 1 Steel slag production in a modern integrated steel plant [6] ... Experimental Study of Steel Slag Used As Aggregate in Asphalt Mixture Magdi M. E. Zumrawi, Faiza O. A. Khalill S
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Air-cooled iron slag and steel slag are used primarily as aggregates in concrete (air-cooled iron slag only); asphaltic paving, fill, and road bases; both slag types also can be used as a feed for cement kilns. Almost all GGBFS is used as a partial substitute for portland cement in concrete mixes or in blended cements.
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